1. Te whakaheke hinu
Ko te whakaheke ko te tango i te hinu mai i te mata o te mea mahi me te whakawhiti hinu ki roto i nga matū wairewa, te whakaemulsify me te whakamarara i te hinu kia taurite me te mau i roto i te wai pati i runga i te saponification, solubilization, wetting, dispersion and emulsification effects on various types of grease from degreasing. āpiha.Ko nga paearu aromatawai o te kounga whakaheke ko: ko te mata o te mea mahi kia kaua he hinu kanohi, he whakaehunga, he paru ke atu ranei i muri i te whakakorenga, a me makuku katoa te mata e te wai i muri i te horoinga.Ko te kounga o te whakaheke i te nuinga o nga mea e rima, tae atu ki te alkalinity kore utu, te mahana o te otinga whakaheke, te wa tukatuka, te mahi miihini, me te hinu hinu o te otinga whakaheke.
1.1 Kawakore utu (FAL)
Ko te kukū e tika ana o te kaihoko whakaheke ka taea te whakatutuki i te painga pai.Me kitea te kawakore kore utu (FAL) o te otinga whakaheke.Ko te iti o te FAL ka whakaiti i te painga o te tango hinu, me te nui o te FAL ka piki ake nga utu rawa, ka piki ake te taumahatanga mo te horoi i muri i te maimoatanga, ka whakapokea te mata o te whakahoaho me te whakapoapoa.
1.2 Te pāmahana o te otinga whakaheke
Me whakamahi nga momo wairewa whakaheke i te pāmahana tino pai.Mena he iti ake te pāmahana i nga whakaritenga o te tukanga, kaore e taea e te otinga whakaheke te hoatu te takaro katoa ki te whakaheke;Mena he tiketike rawa te pāmahana, ka piki ake te kai o te kaha, ka puta mai nga hua kino, na reira ka tere te whakamaroke o te kaihoko hinu me te tere whakamaroke o te mata, ka ngawari te waikura, nga wahi alkali me te waikura, ka pa ki te kounga o te phosphating o te tukanga e whai ake nei. .Ko te whakahaere i te pāmahana aunoa me whakarite i nga wa katoa.
1.3 Te wa tukatuka
Ko te otinga whakaheke me tino whakapiri ki te hinu i runga i te mea mahi mo te wa whakapiri me te wa tauhohenga, kia pai ake te painga o te whakaheke.Heoi, ki te mea he roa rawa te wa whakaheke, ka nui ake te puhoi o te mata mahi.
1.4 Mahi miihini
Te tohanga papu, te nekehanga mahi ranei i roto i te mahi whakaheke, ka taapirihia e te mahi miihini, ka taea te whakapakari i te kaha o te tango hinu me te whakapoto i te wa o te toua me te horoi;ko te tere o te whakaheke i te rehu he neke atu i te 10 nga wa tere atu i te tere o te whakaheke.
1.5 Te ihirangi hinu o te otinga whakaheke
Ko te whakamahi hangarua o te wai pati ka piki haere tonu te hinu hinu i roto i te wai pati, a ka tae te hinu hinu ki tetahi tauwehenga, ka tino heke te painga o te whakaheke me te pai o te horoi o te kaihoko hinu.E kore e pai ake te ma o te mata o te taputapu mahi ahakoa ka mau tonu te kukū teitei o te wairewa tank ma te taapiri matū.Ko te wai whakaheke kua tawhito me te kino me whakakapi mo te tank katoa.
2. Pikinga waikawa
Ka puta te waikura ki runga i te mata o te rino e whakamahia ana mo te hanga hua ka hurihia, ka penapena, ka haria.Ko te paparanga waikura me te hanganga wetekina me te kore e taea te piri ki te papanga turanga.Ka taea e te waikura me te rino whakarewa te hanga i te pūtau tuatahi, e whakatairanga ana i te waikura whakarewa, ka tere te pakaru o te paninga.No reira, me horoi te waikura i mua i te peita.He maha nga wa ka tangohia te waikura ma te kohi waikawa.Ma te tere tere o te tango waikura me te utu iti, ka kore e whakakino te pikau waikawa i te taputapu whakarewa, ka taea te tango i te waikura i ia kokonga.Me tutuki i te pikaunga nga whakaritenga o te kounga kia kaua e kitea te waikura, te waikura me te waikura ki runga i te mea mahi î.Ko nga mea e pa ana ki te paanga o te tango waikura ko te nuinga e whai ake nei.
2.1 Kawakawa kore utu (FA)
Ko te ine i te waikawa kore utu (FA) o te taika pikapi ko te huarahi tino tika me te whai hua ki te arotake hei manatoko i te painga o te tango waikura o te taika tiki.Mena he iti te waikawa kore utu, he kino te painga o te tango waikura.A, no te nui rawa o te waikawa kore utu, he nui te ihirangi kohu waikawa i roto i te taiao mahi, e kore e pai ki te tiaki i nga mahi;ko te mata whakarewa he pai ki te "over-etching";a he uaua ki te horoi i te toenga o te waikawa, ka puta te parahanga o te wairewa tank i muri mai.
2.2 Te pāmahana me te wa
Ko te nuinga o nga pikara ka mahia i te mahana o te rūma, me te whakawera i te 40 ℃ ki te 70 ℃.Ahakoa he nui ake te paanga o te pamahana ki te whakapai ake i te kaha o te pikinga, ko te teitei o te pāmahana ka whakararu i te waikura o te taputapu mahi me nga taputapu ka pa he kino ki te taiao mahi.Me poto rawa te wa pikara ina kua tino tangohia te waikura.
2.3 Te parahanga me te koroheketanga
I roto i te tukanga tango waikura, ka mau tonu te wairewa waikawa ki roto i te hinu, i etahi atu poke ranei, a ka taea te tango i nga poke kua whakatarewahia ma te waruwaru.Ka nui ake nga katote rino whakarewa i tetahi ihirangi, ka tino heke te tangohanga waikura o te wairewa tank, ka konatunatuahia te nui o nga katote rino ki roto i te tank phosphate me te toenga o te mata mahi, ka whakatere i te poke me te koroheketanga o te otinga tank phosphate, a ka tino pa ki te kounga phosphating o te mea mahi.
3. Mata whakahohe
Ka taea e te kaihoko whakahohe mata te whakakore i te ahua o te mata o te mahi na te tango hinu na te kawakawa, te waikura ranei te tango ma te kohi, na reira ka hangaia he maha o nga pokapū tioata tino pai ki runga i te mata whakarewa, na reira ka tere te tere o te tauhohenga phosphate me te whakatairanga i te hanganga. o paninga phosphate.
3.1 Te kounga o te wai
Ko te waikura nui o te wai, te kukū nui ranei o te konupūmā me te katote konupora i roto i te wairewa tank ka pa ki te pumau o te otinga whakaoho o te mata.Ka taea te taapiri i nga whakamaarama wai i te wa e whakareri ana i te otinga tank hei whakakore i te paanga o te kounga o te wai ki runga i te otinga whakaohooho mata.
3.2 Whakamahia te wa
I te nuinga o te wa ka mahia te kaihoko whakaoho mata ki te tote titanium colloidal he mahi colloidal.Ka ngaro te mahi colloidal i muri i te whakamahinga o te kaihoko mo te wa roa, ka piki ake ranei nga katote poke, ka puta te parataiao me te paparanga o te wai kaukau.Na me whakakapi te wai pati.
4. Phosphating
Ko te Phosphating he tukanga matū me te hikohiko hei hanga i te paninga huringa matū phosphate, e mohiotia ana ko te paninga phosphate.Ka whakamahia te wairewa konutea phosphating iti-mahana ki te peita pahi.Ko nga kaupapa matua o te phosphating ko te whakarato i te whakamarumaru ki te whakarewa turanga, te aukati i te whakarewa mai i te pirau ki etahi waahanga, me te whakapai ake i te kaha o te adhesion me te aukati o te paparanga kiriata peita.Phosphating Ko te wahi tino nui o te tukanga pretreatment katoa, a he tikanga tauhohenga uaua me te maha ngā āhuatanga, na te reira uaua ake ki te whakahaere i te tukanga whakaputa o te wai pati phosphate atu i te tahi atu wai pati.
4.1 ōwehenga waikawa (te ōwehenga o te waikawa katoa ki te waikawa kore utu)
Ko te pikinga o te waikawa ka taea te whakatere i te tere o te tauhohenga o te phosphating me te hanga phosphatingpaningate kikokore.Engari ko te nui o te waikawa o te waikawa ka tino kikokore te paparanga paninga, ka puta te pungarehu ki te phosphating workpiece;iti ōwehenga waikawa ka pōturi te tere tauhohenga phosphating, whakaiti te waikura ātete, ka meinga te karaihe phosphating huri taratara, me te maiengi, na ka arahi ki te waikura kōwhai i runga i te mahi phosphating.
4.2 Te pāmahana
Mena ka tika te whakanui ake i te pāmahana o te wai kaukau, ka tere te tere o te hanga paninga.Engari he nui rawa te pāmahana ka pa ki te huringa o te ōwehenga waikawa me te pumau o te wai pati, ka piki ake te nui o te para o te wai pati.
4.3 Te nui o te parataiao
Ki te tauhohenga phosphate tonu, ka piki haere te nui o te parataiao i roto i te wai kaukau, a ka pā te parataiao te taikaha te tauhohenga atanga mata workpiece, hua i roto i te paninga phosphate rangirua.Na me ringihia te wai pati kia rite ki te nui o te mahi mahi me te wa whakamahi.
4.4 Nitrite NO-2 (te kukū o te kaihoko whakatere)
Ka taea e NO-2 te whakatere i te tere o te tauhohenga phosphate, te whakapai ake i te matotoru me te waikura o te paninga phosphate.Ko te nui rawa o te ihirangi NO-2 ka ngawari te hanga i te paparanga paninga ki te whakaputa i nga wahi ma, me te iti rawa o te ihirangi ka whakaiti i te tere o te hanga paninga me te whakaputa waikura kowhai i runga i te paninga phosphate.
4.5 Tuwhetawhe tuwhena SO2-4
He nui rawa te kukū o te otinga pickling, he ngoikore ranei te horoi horoi ka ngawari te whakanui ake i te tuwhena ngawha i roto i te wai pati phosphate, me te nui rawa o te katote pūkawa ngawha ka pōturi iho te tere tauhohenga phosphate, ka puta mai he karaehe paninga phosphate phosphate me te maiengi, me te whakaiti i te aukati waikura.
4.6 katote koka Fe2+
Ko te nui rawa o te ihirangi katote ferrous i roto i te wairewa Phosphate ka whakaiti i te aukati te waikura o te paninga phosphate i te pāmahana rūma, ka hangai te karaehe paninga phosphate i te karaehe i te pāmahana reo, te whakanui ake i te parataiao o te otinga phosphate i te pāmahana teitei, ka paru te otinga, ka piki ake te waikawa kore utu.
5. Wehenga
Ko te kaupapa o te whakakorenga ko te whakakii i nga pores o te paninga phosphate, te whakapai ake i te aukati o te waikura, me te whakapai ake i te taapiri katoa me te aukati waikura.I tenei wa, e rua nga huarahi wetewete, ara, chromium me te chromium-kore.Heoi, ka whakamahia te tote pararopi kawakore mo te whakakore me te nuinga o te tote kei roto te phosphate, carbonate, nitrite me te phosphate, ka tino kino te adhesion mo te wa roa me te aukati waikura opaninga.
6. Te horoi wai
Ko te kaupapa o te horoi wai ko te tango i te toenga wai i runga i te mata mahi mai i te wai kaukau o mua, a ko te kounga o te horoi wai ka pa tika ki te kounga phosphating o te mea mahi me te pumau o te wai kaukau.Ko nga waahanga e whai ake nei me whakahaere i te wa e horoi ana i te wai kaukau.
6.1 Kaua e tiketike rawa te ihirangi o te toenga para.Ko te nui rawa o te ihirangi ka puta he pungarehu ki runga i te mata o nga mea mahi.
6.2 Ko te mata o te wai kaukau kia kore he poke i whakatarewa.He maha nga wa ka whakamahia te horoinga wai ki te whakarite kia kore he hinu iri, etahi atu poke ranei i runga i te mata wai kaukau.
6.3 Ko te uara pH o te wai pati kia tata ki te koretake.He nui rawa, he iti rawa ranei te uara pH ka ngawari te rere o te wai pati, na reira ka pa ki te pumau o te wai kaukau o muri mai.
Te wa tuku: Mei-23-2022